Abstract:
The aim of this study was to assess the possible factors associated to root
resorption are common to everyday clinical orthodontics, especially parafunctional
habits. It was conducted a retrospective study of 600 patients (308 females and 292
males) previously treated orthodontically. The sample was divided into two groups
according to the degree of root resorption at the end of treatment according to
Malmgren. Group 1 comprised 507 patients with a mean initial age of 14.21 years
and who had final external root resorption absent or mild, characterized by grades 0,
1 and 2 of root resorption and Group 2 of 93 patients with initial mean age of 14.57
years and who had moderate or severe root resorption, characterized by grade 3 and
4. The groups were then compared in terms of age at the initial and final treatment,
treatment time, gender, type of malocclusion (according to Angle classification),
treatment (with and without extractions), parafunctional habits (bruxism,
onychophagy, habit of biting objects, tongue thrust habit, thumb sucking and pacifier
use and bottle), allergies and pretreatment root resorption. A subgroup of Group 1
was formed, with 112 patients and mean initial age of 14.34 years, which eliminated
the degree 2 of root resorption at the end of treatment, so that a new comparison
was performed with two different groups as possible. The results show that the initial
age, gender, type of malocclusion, parafunctional habits and allergies do not
represent a statistically significant risk for root resorption. It was significant: treatment
time, type of treatment (with and without extractions) and the presence of external
root resorption initial treatment. Treatments with extractions have 2.94 times more
likely to be affected by external root resorption.
